Machine Learning Guide podcast

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1:14:43

Artificial intelligence is evolving at an unprecedented pace—what does that mean for the future of technology, venture capital, business, and even our understanding of ourselves? Award-winning journalist and writer Anil Ananthaswamy joins us for our latest episode to discuss his latest book Why Machines Learn: The Elegant Math Behind Modern AI . Anil helps us explore the journey and many breakthroughs that have propelled machine learning from simple perceptrons to the sophisticated algorithms shaping today’s AI revolution, powering GPT and other models. The discussion aims to demystify some of the underlying math that powers modern machine learning to help everyone grasp this technology impacting our lives, even if your last math class was in high school. Anil walks us through the power of scaling laws, the shift from training to inference optimization, and the debate among AI’s pioneers about the road to AGI—should we be concerned, or are we still missing key pieces of the puzzle? The conversation also delves into AI’s philosophical implications—could understanding how machines learn help us better understand ourselves? And what challenges remain before AI systems can truly operate with agency? If you enjoy this episode, please subscribe and leave us a review on your favorite podcast platform. Sign up for our newsletter at techsurgepodcast.com for exclusive insights and updates on upcoming TechSurge Live Summits. Links: Read Why Machines Learn, Anil’s latest book on the math behind AI https://www.amazon.com/Why-Machines-Learn-Elegant-Behind/dp/0593185749 Learn more about Anil Ananthaswamy’s work and writing https://anilananthaswamy.com/ Watch Anil Ananthaswamy’s TED Talk on AI and intelligence https://www.ted.com/speakers/anil_ananthaswamy Discover the MIT Knight Science Journalism Fellowship that shaped Anil’s AI research https://ksj.mit.edu/ Understand the Perceptron, the foundation of neural networks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptron Read about the Perceptron Convergence Theorem and its significance https://www.nature.com/articles/323533a0…

Machine Learning Guide

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Machine learning audio course, teaching the fundamentals of machine learning and artificial intelligence. It covers intuition, models (shallow and deep), math, languages, frameworks, etc. Where your other ML resources provide the trees, I provide the forest. Consider MLG your syllabus, with highly-curated resources for each episode's details at ocdevel.com. Audio is a great supplement during exercise, commute, chores, etc.

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Machine Learning Guide

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#Artificial #Intelligence #Introduction #Artificial Intelligence #Tech #Higher Education #Podcasting Education #Dept #Machining #Learn

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Machine Learning Guide

1
MLA 022 Code AI Tools 46:30

for 25 dage siden46:30

46:30

Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! https://ocdevel.com/walk Show notes: https://ocdevel.com/mlg/mla-22 Tools discussed: Windsurf: https://codeium.com/windsurf Copilot: https://github.com/features/copilot Cursor: https://www.cursor.com/ Cline: https://github.com/cline/cline Roo Code: https://github.com/RooVetGit/Roo-Code Aider: https://aider.chat/ Other: Leaderboards: https://aider.chat/docs/leaderboards/ Video of speed-demon: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QlUt06XLbJE&feature=youtu.be Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/chatgptcoding/ Boost programming productivity by acting as a pair programming partner. Groups these tools into three categories: • Hands-Off Tools: These include solutions that work on fixed monthly fees and require minimal user intervention. GitHub Copilot started with simple tab completions and now offers an agent mode similar to Cursor, which stands out for its advanced codebase indexing and intelligent file searching. Windsurf is noted for its simplicity—accepting prompts and performing automated edits—but some users report performance throttling after prolonged use. • Hands-On Tools: Aider is presented as a command-line utility that demands configuration and user involvement. It allows developers to specify files and settings, and it efficiently manages token usage by sending prompts in diff format. Aider also implements an “architect versus edit” approach: a reasoning model (such as DeepSeek R1) first outlines a sequence of changes, then an editor model (like Claude 3.5 Sonnet) produces precise code edits. This dual-model strategy enhances accuracy and reduces token costs, especially for complex tasks. • Intermediate Power Tools: Open-source tools such as Cline and its more advanced fork, RooCode, require users to supply their own API keys and pay per token. These tools offer robust, agentic features, including codebase indexing, file editing, and even browser automation. RooCode stands out with its ability to autonomously expand functionality through integrations (for example, managing cloud resources or querying issue trackers), making it particularly attractive for tinkerers and power users. A decision framework is suggested: for those new to AI coding assistants or with limited budgets, starting with Cursor (or cautiously exploring Copilot’s new features) is recommended. For developers who want to customize their workflow and dive deep into the tooling, RooCode or Cline offer greater control—always paired with Aider for precise and token-efficient code edits. Also reviews model performance using a coding benchmark leaderboard that updates frequently. The current top-performing combination uses DeepSeek R1 as the architect and Claude 3.5 Sonnet as the editor, with alternatives such as OpenAI’s O1 and O3 Mini available. Tools like Open Router are mentioned as a way to consolidate API key management and reduce token costs.…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLG 033 Transformers 42:14

for 26 dage siden42:14

42:14

Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! https://ocdevel.com/walk Show notes: https://ocdevel.com/mlg/33 3Blue1Brown videos: https://3blue1brown.com/ Background & Motivation: RNN Limitations: Sequential processing prevents full parallelization—even with attention tweaks—making them inefficient on modern hardware. Breakthrough: “Attention Is All You Need” replaced recurrence with self-attention, unlocking massive parallelism and scalability. Core Architecture: Layer Stack: Consists of alternating self-attention and feed-forward (MLP) layers, each wrapped in residual connections and layer normalization. Positional Encodings: Since self-attention is permutation invariant, add sinusoidal or learned positional embeddings to inject sequence order. Self-Attention Mechanism: Q, K, V Explained: Query (Q): The representation of the token seeking contextual info. Key (K): The representation of tokens being compared against. Value (V): The information to be aggregated based on the attention scores. Multi-Head Attention: Splits Q, K, V into multiple “heads” to capture diverse relationships and nuances across different subspaces. Dot-Product & Scaling: Computes similarity between Q and K (scaled to avoid large gradients), then applies softmax to weigh V accordingly. Masking: Causal Masking: In autoregressive models, prevents a token from “seeing” future tokens, ensuring proper generation. Padding Masks: Ignore padded (non-informative) parts of sequences to maintain meaningful attention distributions. Feed-Forward Networks (MLPs): Transformation & Storage: Post-attention MLPs apply non-linear transformations; many argue they’re where the “facts” or learned knowledge really get stored. Depth & Expressivity: Their layered nature deepens the model’s capacity to represent complex patterns. Residual Connections & Normalization: Residual Links: Crucial for gradient flow in deep architectures, preventing vanishing/exploding gradients. Layer Normalization: Stabilizes training by normalizing across features, enhancing convergence. Scalability & Efficiency Considerations: Parallelization Advantage: Entire architecture is designed to exploit modern parallel hardware, a huge win over RNNs. Complexity Trade-offs: Self-attention’s quadratic complexity with sequence length remains a challenge; spurred innovations like sparse or linearized attention. Training Paradigms & Emergent Properties: Pretraining & Fine-Tuning: Massive self-supervised pretraining on diverse data, followed by task-specific fine-tuning, is the norm. Emergent Behavior: With scale comes abilities like in-context learning and few-shot adaptation, aspects that are still being unpacked. Interpretability & Knowledge Distribution: Distributed Representation: “Facts” aren’t stored in a single layer but are embedded throughout both attention heads and MLP layers. Debate on Attention: While some see attention weights as interpretable, a growing view is that real “knowledge” is diffused across the network’s parameters.…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 021 Databricks 26:00

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! https://ocdevel.com/walk Discussing Databricks with Ming Chang from Raybeam (part of DEPT® )

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 020 Kubeflow 1:08:12

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! https://ocdevel.com/walk Conversation with Dirk-Jan Kubeflow (vs cloud native solutions like SageMaker) Dirk-Jan Verdoorn - Data Scientist at Dept Agency Kubeflow . (From the website:) The Machine Learning Toolkit for Kubernetes. The Kubeflow project is dedicated to making deployments of machine learning (ML) workflows on Kubernetes simple, portable and scalable. Our goal is not to recreate other services, but to provide a straightforward way to deploy best-of-breed open-source systems for ML to diverse infrastructures. Anywhere you are running Kubernetes, you should be able to run Kubeflow. TensorFlow Extended (TFX) . If using TensorFlow with Kubeflow, combine with TFX for maximum power. (From the website:) TensorFlow Extended (TFX) is an end-to-end platform for deploying production ML pipelines. When you're ready to move your models from research to production, use TFX to create and manage a production pipeline. Alternatives: Airflow MLflow…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 019 DevOps 1:14:53

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! https://ocdevel.com/walk Chatting with co-workers about the role of DevOps in a machine learning engineer's life Expert coworkers at Dept Matt Merrill - Principal Software Developer Jirawat Uttayaya - DevOps Lead The Ship It Podcast (where Matt features often) Devops tools Terraform Ansible Pictures (funny and serious) Which AWS container service should I use? A visual guide on troubleshooting Kubernetes deployments Public Cloud Services Comparison Killed by Google aCloudGuru AWS curriculum…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 018 Descript 6:22

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! https://ocdevel.com/walk (Optional episode) just showcasing a cool application using machine learning Dept uses Descript for some of their podcasting. I'm using it like a maniac, I think they're surprised at how into it I am. Check out the transcript & see how it performed. Descript The Ship It Podcast How to ship software, from the front lines. We talk with software developers about their craft, developer tools, developer productivity and what makes software development awesome. Hosted by your friends at Rocket Insights. AKA shipit.io Brandbeats Podcast by BASIC An agency podcast with views on design, technology, art, and culture. Explore the new microsite at www.brandbeats.basicagency.com…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 017 AWS Local Development 1:04:19

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! Show notes: ocdevel.com/mlg/mla-17 Developing on AWS first (SageMaker or other) Consider developing against AWS as your local development environment , rather than only your cloud deployment environment. Solutions: Stick to AWS Cloud IDEs ( Lambda , SageMaker Studio , Cloud9 Connect to deployed infrastructure via Client VPN Terraform example YouTube tutorial Creating the keys LocalStack Infrastructure as Code Terraform CDK Serverless…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 016 SageMaker 2 59:57

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! Part 2 of deploying your ML models to the cloud with SageMaker (MLOps) MLOps is deploying your ML models to the cloud. See MadeWithML for an overview of tooling (also generally a great ML educational run-down.) SageMaker Jumpstart Deploy Pipelines Monitor Kubernetes Neo…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 015 SageMaker 1 47:01

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! Show notes Part 1 of deploying your ML models to the cloud with SageMaker (MLOps) MLOps is deploying your ML models to the cloud. See MadeWithML for an overview of tooling (also generally a great ML educational run-down.) SageMaker DataWrangler Feature Store Ground Truth Clarify Studio AutoPilot Debugger Distributed Training And I forgot to mention JumpStart , I'll mention next time.…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 014 Machine Learning Server 52:05

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! Server-side ML. Training & hosting for inference, with a goal towards serverless. AWS SageMaker, Batch, Lambda, EFS, Cortex.dev

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 013 Customer Facing Tech Stack 47:08

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! Client, server, database, etc.

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 012 Docker 31:13

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! Use Docker for env setup on localhost & cloud deployment, instead of pyenv / Anaconda. I recommend Windows for your desktop.

Machine Learning Guide

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MLG 032 Cartesian Similarity Metrics 41:52

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Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! Show notes at ocdevel.com/mlg/32 . L1/L2 norm, Manhattan, Euclidean, cosine distances, dot product Normed distances link A norm is a function that assigns a strictly positive length to each vector in a vector space. link Minkowski is generalized. p_root(sum(xi-yi)^p). "p" = ? (1, 2, ..) for below. L1: Manhattan/city-block/taxicab. abs(x2-x1)+abs(y2-y1). Grid-like distance (triangle legs). Preferred for high-dim space. L2: Euclidean. sqrt((x2-x1)^2+(y2-y1)^2. sqrt(dot-product). Straight-line distance; min distance (Pythagorean triangle edge) Others: Mahalanobis, Chebyshev (p=inf), etc Dot product A type of inner product. Outer-product: lies outside the involved planes. Inner-product: dot product lies inside the planes/axes involved link . Dot product: inner product on a finite dimensional Euclidean space link Cosine (normalized dot)…

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 011 Practical Clustering 34:23

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34:23

Try a walking desk while studying ML or working on your projects! Kmeans (sklearn vs FAISS), finding n_clusters via inertia/silhouette, Agglomorative, DBSCAN/HDBSCAN

Machine Learning Guide

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MLA 010 NLP packages: transformers, spaCy, Gensim, NLTK 25:47

for 4 years siden25:47